Wow Matthew - you have written this with palpable zest! Electric, succinct, direct writing. Thanks so much, a pleasure to read.
My take on why we think like we do is based on the takeaways from Jonathan Haidt's excellent book - The Righteous Mind. We are essentially intuition-driven information processors, constantly scanning the world around us, morally interpreting information and colouring narratives with our unique worldview. We readily allow intuition to lead us and then use our rationality to come up with evidence to support our beliefs - the absolute arse-backwards way it should be. Our reasoning seeks justification, not the truth. i.e. it’s more like a politician looking for votes as opposed to scientists looking for truth.
I'd really appreciate it if you could read my article and feedback if you can spare the time!
https://medium.com/curious/does-eating-dog-make-you-a-liberal-dfa3ceb4c3af